Global environment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Worldwide condition - Research Paper Example Over the time, the rise in the populace rate declined the normal repositories. At the end of the day, the common assets are going under extraordinary weight with its huge use by the populace that is making a danger to the wellbeing of the whole populace of the world. Additionally, it is likewise making an admonition sign for the social and monetary advancement also. This is because of the explanation that normal stores have gone under utilization to the greatest level during the time spent creation as the occupants essentially depend on these assets the most, therefore, definitely affecting the earth on a worldwide premise. â€Å"However, one of the head and driving difficulties that the planet Earth and its whole human race is experiencing while at the same time crossing the limit into the twenty first century is the all inclusive ecological contamination and the climatic variety that goes under union to it. What's more, this worldwide condition wears and tears are in a continuation procedure, which has gotten one of the preeminent and central worries in the today’s life†. The idea that general society are misusing the nature and the assets so as to meet the current needs offers ascend to the inquiry that are the individuals of this world disintegrating the common assets that is one of the significant requirements for the future also. As per studies and investigates, it has gone to a perception the creating nations with an aim to improve the expectations for everyday comforts of the ordinary citizens, these economies are using the normal assets all the more quickly and in a much quickened pace than they are reestablishing or redeveloping these assets. As a result of it, these creating countries are making a changeless and irremediable harm to the common assets. Besides, with doing an intolerable development and extension for the normal assets, the mankind is urging and offering ascend to the biological debacles that add to disintegrate nature on a suffering premise. Water deficiencies, soil fatigue, air and water contamination, absence of forestland and trees, and debasement of coastlines are not many of the occurrences that are the main contributing variables that may severely influence various areas and locale of the world. The records and confirmations unveil the snippet of data that the twentieth century was the age that saw an unrest that came about in the odd and peculiar ecological disturbance. The human animals and their activities and doings are the boss and remarkable causes that activated such natural choppiness. Notwithstanding, the worldwide condition h as significantly influenced the lives of the individuals as well as the other living animals, for example, marine life, plants, creatures and numerous different kinds of species. In addition, these natural hazard and danger grasp move in normal temperature and the climate, debilitating of the ozone layer, biological change, urbanization and

English Short Story on Belonging

It was Raoul, and I wanted for him to leave. He thumped again then stuck his head around the entryway. ‘How right? ’ he asked with concern. Outrage conquered me. ‘For god’s sakes, they can’t send me away on account of a cerebral pain. However, in the event that you think I look dubious why don’t you report me yourself, all things considered, you become their attendant increasingly more each day,’ I countered, gazing him down. He withered, ‘Keep your voice down, individuals outside may hear’, he shut the entryway behind him and stepped in the room. I attempted to drive myself to be quiet. Would could it be that you need? ’ I asked him briskly. I realized I was over responding however I didn’t care, he was the one in particular who I could take my indignation out on, however by seeing his obscuring articulation I could see it was getting progressively risky to do as such. I had a propensity for pushing the indivi duals who attempted to draw near to me away. It began as a mishap however now I just for the most part didn’t need to converse with individuals, I stayed away from them however much as could be expected. ‘Maybe you don’t care about being taken yet I do, alert is the main thing that has guarded us up to this point. Pass to you,’ he included. ‘A cerebral pain is nothing, however you realize how easily overlooked details are dramatically overemphasized. It is a short advance from a murmur of tattle to being sent to the government’s supposed â€Å"refuge†. ’ ‘You have been made a supervisor’, I said straight and now his face flushed. A look of pride blended in with disgrace went over his face. ‘How could you’, I asked, hurt. I realize that we had never been close since being taken however he was as yet my sibling, yet for reasons unknown I couldn’t force myself to disclose to him that I loved him in my own specific manner. He more likely than not expected that I needed nothing to do with him. He raised his clench hand and shook it in my face, ‘you won't ruin this for me, you might be my sister yet it is my commitment to this office to upbraid you. ’ ‘You wouldn’t dare reprove me. ’ I said. ‘Your own destiny would be destroyed in the event that it was referred to that you had a psycho as your sister, they would drag you to the â€Å"refuge† alongside me. So don’t imagine you care for me. ’ A look of abhor ignored his face before he turned and took off of my room. At the point when he had gone I was as yet loaded up with pressure. We used to be so close when we were more youthful, a devoted child and I the meandering little girl, cherished beyond a reasonable doubt by our folks. In any case, that was totally decimated when the legislature took my mom to the â€Å"refuge† and my dad had followed to save her yet he never got back home. At that point seven days after my folks vanished, a man in a suit came, looking immensely significant with his cap and portfolio. My sibling just opened the front way to give him access since he had data in regards to our folks. He disclosed to us that they were taken by the administration for opposing the framework and that we could never observe them again. Furthermore, that my sibling and I were to be taken to an administration establishment for vagrants like us. I was just 8 years of age at that point. Raoul was 12. This was obviously where we were currently, having no real option except to go with the resolute glancing specialist in his firm dull suit. Inside the office was a school and industrial facility. We vagrants were made to mass produce protests the legislature required. My mom was blamed for, by one of her dear companions, being an individual with exceptional capacities, much like a witch. In any case, they were mental capacities which enabled her to understand considerations and feelings. In any case, I, obscure to anybody however my sibling, had acquired her capacities and the sky is the limit from there. I could Put musings into the brains of others and make them follow up on it, just as having the option to understand considerations and feelings. These capacities just came to me as of late, precisely after I turned 16 three months prior and soon I was to be tried again by the examining machines, which tried any for any potential signs these capacities showing. I had as of late been experiencing significant migraines, rendering me silly and stationary, and it was these that were making me be under doubt. In this establishment, it was hazardous to be seen conversing with others since dear companionships were not permitted. Despite the fact that it wasn’t difficult for me to abstain from making companions, I avoided making companions, favoring not to free myself up to another but instead keeping everything contained inside. Quite not long after I showed up here, the others discovered that I needed nothing to do with anybody so I was left to myself. I once heard a young lady remark on my absence of social aptitudes, the other young lady she addressed recently said that it was thought I experienced serious despondency. A straightforward hi could be considered as framing a collusion between the kids that may prompt future difficulty. In this spot, doubt resembled a physical plague. Not that I experienced any difficulty abstaining from conversing with others; I maintained a strategic distance from it however much as could reasonably be expected, always being unable to appreciate connecting like ordinary individuals, unfit to convey my emotions and wants through physical touch or talk. I asked an educator for what valid reason we were here once and he let me know basically that we vagrants didn’t have a place with ordinary individuals on account of who and what our amilies had been. Furthermore, that if we somehow happened to leave the organization, society would avoid us or imagine that we didn't exist. I thought back to the occasions when I was inhabiting home, I had a couple of companions, relatively few because of my timidity, however we did everything together, meandered the town, wandered the zones and messing around each opportunity we could. Considering them now, they most likely wouldn’t recollect me and if I somehow managed to appear one day in my old home, they presumably wouldn’t welcome me heartily or by any stretch of the imagination. In all probability I would be maintained a strategic distance from like a terrible stench. That reality alone is one reason I loathe making companions, distancing myself from them on the grounds that I’m frightened of being harmed. The teachers thought my cerebral pains were an aftereffect of working with risky substances, and when I shouted out in the night in torment, they found out about it from the whisperers, those of us vagrants who enlightened the educators regarding anything dubious to give them a decent name. They had been asking me dubious inquiries and I new it wouldn't have been long until they connected the migraines to my psychological capacities as these were known indications. Also, presently I needed to stress over my sibling hauling me along to these educators himself! I knew it wouldn’t be well before I was found and sent away to the â€Å"refuge†, another administration office explicitly intended to house individuals like me. Yet, everybody realized that the name is empty, that there is no shelter yet existing in its place is a test inquire about prison for the anomalous individuals like me. The administration needed to make sense of us and use us to further their own potential benefit. Not just because did I feel cold and alone, knowing there was nobody who I could trust my concerns or fears as well, nobody who could comfort me or give me support, nobody that could get me. I simply needed to have a place with a person or thing. Surrendered to my destiny, gradually, recollecting better days in my folks adoring arms, I quietly cried myself into rest. I woke up to my bedcovers being generally pulled off. Supposedly from the murkiness, it was a long time before 6am when I needed to wake up and prepare for the afternoon. Somebody turned on the light and I was blinded by its abrupt splendor. My eyes acclimated to the light as I squinted away rest. Two educators and my sibling were remaining close to my bed. ‘Get up, you are to be taken to the testing room,’ said the teacher nearest to the entryway. I took a gander at my sibling questioningly yet he wouldn’t meet my eye. I wasn’t frightened like I figured I would be as I strolled shoeless down the virus uncovered passageway, I felt numb, similar to every one of my faculties and feelings were closed away into a container inside my brain. I attempted to detect considerations or sentiments of the three going with me however I just got a comparable deadness regarding what I was encountering. Maybe they had done this sort of thing so often that they were invulnerable to any considerations about it. We halted before the entryway prompting the room, I had been in this room various occasions, similar to the various vagrants in the region, and it was unaltered from my past visits. The splendid brutally lit white-walled room comprised of a plain engineered seat with a little square table holding a PC. I was lead through a glass entryway to one side of the work area, into another segment that contained the CT scanner machine. The CT scanner was what might check my mind searching for unusually working brainwaves. The chief generally snatched my arm, agonizingly lashing it. After which he infused a huge syringe loaded up with purple bite the dust into my distending vein. Albeit easy, the power of this experience caused me to feel rather dazed. I wished there was somebody who thought enough about me to spare me, or to give me motivation to oppose and endeavor escape. In any case, there was nobody. They put a tight support upon my head to forestall any development of the head, which would disturb the filtering procedure. At that point ear covers were put over the support and onto my ears to overwhelm the strongly noisy humming of the machine in real life. I had a feeling that I was in a sort of daze as they lead me to the machine, there was finished quietness all through the entire procedure. The last time a word had been expressed was back in my bed-chamber. I truly yearned to be back in my little, hard bed, and for what was going on to be simply one more bad dream.

The Importance of Essay Topics For the Territorial Army Exam

The Importance of Essay Topics For the Territorial Army ExamThe territorial Army is a challenging unit for any instructor to teach, but students must take essay topics for territorial army exams seriously. As a territorial instructor, it is important that students understand the rigors of this type of exam, and how well they are prepared. Assessing a student's essay topics for the exam can be tricky, but there are a few things every student should keep in mind.Researching essay topics for a territorial exam can be an overwhelming task. But when properly done, writing essay topics for the exam is crucial. A good outline will give the instructor a solid direction for the student to follow, and aid in determining which essay topics to include in the class. It is important that students know exactly what kind of essay they should write before even starting the assignment. Students should also find out the grade their project will receive before completing the assignment.Exam season is ab out two months before the semester starts. This is the best time to begin preparing for the test. The instructor will assign the students a different topic each semester, and you can decide what you want to write about for your next assignment. While studying for your written essay, pay attention to what each of the topics are. Knowledge about the topics that are to be covered will give students a clear idea of how they are going to approach the assignment.It is not only the instructor who provides guidance for essay topics for the exam. Throughout the semester, students will meet with their classmates, instructors, and fellow instructors. You can also receive advice from these individuals, so use this opportunity to get to know your classmates. You can glean valuable information from other students' essay topics for the territorial exam, and this will help you create a better topic for your own course.Preparing essay topics for the territorial exam is an important part of being a g ood teacher. In order to prepare for the exam, the instructor will provide a list of topics for the essay. The list should include at least five to ten topics, and you should be able to choose five to ten from the list to write about. Essay topics for territorial army exams will vary, depending on the unit and its unique challenges. Topics such as Desert Rangers and Devastating Counterattack, for example, will differ from one military unit to another.As your students begin to take a look at the different military units, they will soon realize the true complexities of the job. Each essay topic for the exam will be different, and the uniqueness of each topic must be analyzed before starting to write. Knowing which subjects you can write about and which subjects you cannot is the most important thing you can learn when taking essay topics for the territorial exam.No assignment can be written about without a proper outline. When writing an outline, your aim is to provide the instructor with an outline of the topic and to go over the material at length. You should be able to determine what the teacher expects from you, and can be sure to do the necessary research to ensure the topic is current. Always include references, citations, and key points, and be sure to thoroughly define each term. Every student should make sure that every aspect of the essay topic is explained and remember to keep them simple.Choosing the correct essay topics for the territorial army exam is vital, because it is not easy to write about subjects that are new to you. Spending time researching the topic will ensure that you have a strong essay and knowing the boundaries of your assignment will help you focus on the overall quality of the paper.

Connor Surname Meaning and Origin

Connelly is a patronymic surname, the shortened form O’Connor, which in turn is an Anglicization of the Gaelic Ó Conchobhair or Ó Conchà ºir, meaning descendant of Conchobhar. The name Conchobhar is thought to mean lover of hounds, from the Gaelic con, meaning hound or wolf, and cobhair, aid, or desiring. The Connor name is also thought to denote strength and leadership, from conn, meaning wisdom, strength, counsel, plus cobhair. The OConnors descend from several distinct royal Irish families and clans; they are from Clare, Derry, Galway, Kerry, Offaly, Roscommon, Sligo and the province of Ulster. CONNOR is one of 50 common Irish surnames of modern Ireland. Surname Origin: Irish Alternate Surname Spellings: CONNER, CONOR, OCONNOR, OCONOR, COUROY, CON, CONE, CONNE, KONNOR Famous People with the Surname CONNOR: Sandra Day OConnor - former U.S. Supreme Court justiceRoger Connor - American baseball Hall of FamerFlannery OConnor - American writerSinà ©ad OConnor - Irish singer-songwriter Genealogy Resources for the Surname CONNOR and OCONNOR British Surname Profiler - Distribution of the Connor Surname: Trace the geography and history of the Connor surname through this free online database based on a University College London (UCL) project investigating the distribution of surnames in Great Britain, both current and historic.Connor Family Genealogy Forum: Search this popular genealogy forum for the Connor surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Connor surname query.FamilySearch - CONNOR Genealogy: Find historical records, queries, and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Connor surname and its variations.CONNOR Surname Family Mailing Lists: RootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Connor surname.Cousin Connect - CONNOR Genealogy Queries: Read or post genealogy queries for the surname Connor, and sign up for free notification when new Connor queries are added.DistantCousin.com - CONNOR Genealogy Family History:  Free databases and genealogy links f or the last name Connor.

The Potential Treatment of Alzheimers Disease Through CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1821 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/04/12 Category Medicine Essay Level High school Tags: Alzheimer's Disease Essay Did you like this example? Named after Dr. Alois Alzheimer who discovered the disease in 1906, Alzheimers disease is the progressive deterioration of the brain that slowly destroys cognitive function. While some treatments exist to alleviate the symptoms of Alzheimers disease, there is no cure. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Potential Treatment of Alzheimers Disease: Through CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing" essay for you Create order Considering that researchers have studied the disease for over 100 years, making steps toward finding a cure is urgent. With evidence for the potential risk and protective factors of Alzheimers disease, dementia, and cognitive decline, researchers are now looking at gene editing as a solution. The CRISPR-Cas9 system, is an inexpensive, yet powerful, tool used by researchers to alter DNA sequences and gene function that has already shown promise in other neurological disorders. Through gene editing, the CRISPR-Cas9 system would go beyond the temporary lessening of Alzheimers diseases symptoms and potentially prevent or stop the depreciation of the brain by targeting associated genes and correcting genetic defects. When examining the applications of CRISPR-Cas9, however, it is important to factor in both the ethical concerns of using this biotechnology, including the extent to which CRISPR should be permitted and who should have access to this technology, and concerns of not using it. While the system presents many ethical concerns and lingering questions, CRISPR-Cas9 provides a revolutionary and much-needed potential solution to Alzheimers disease. In researching potential treatments for Alzheimers disease, it is necessary to examine both types: early onset and late onset.1 Early-onset Alzheimers disease, also called familial Alzheimers disease (FAD), occurs in people between the ages of 30 and 60 and represents less than 10% of all cases. FAD has a strong genetic component caused by mutations on chromosomes 1, 14, and 21.6 Mutations on chromosome 1 lead to the formation of amyloid precursor protein (APP), and those on 14 and 21 lead to the formation of abnormal presenilin 1 (PSEN1) and abnormal presenilin 2 (PSEN2) respectively. Late onset Alzheimers disease occurs in patients over the age of 60 and represents over 90% of all Alzheimers cases. In addition to genetic factors, lifestyle and environmental factors such heart and metabolic conditions also contribute to this type of Alzheimers disease. The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene, particularly the APOE e4 allele is associated with increased risk of developing Alzheimers. Theref ore, in order to cure Alzheimers disease, these genes should be targeted specifically, yet there is no guarantee this will be a solution given the impact of environmental factors. Plaques and tangles are the two neurobiological markers of Alzheimers disease as opposed to dementia. Plaques are clumps of amyloid beta protein, which is derived from APP cleaved by beta secretase and gamma secretase, that breakdown brain cells by disrupting cell communication. Brain cells use an internal support and transport system that transports essential nutrients and materials. This system requires the normal structuring and function of a protein, tau. In Alzheimers Disorder, tau protein threads tangle abnormally inside brain cells, damage the transport system, and contribute to the death of brain cells. The problem, however, is that the presence of plaques and tangles, to confirm Alzheimers disease, can only be observed in an autopsy after death. Despite this, the accumulation of the Amyloid Beta protein can now be seen in PET scans as early as 15-20 years before symptoms are present, leaving a large potential therapeutic window.4 In order to properly treat the neurobiologica l markers of Alzheimers, and take advantage of preventative and disease reversal treatment, the ability to diagnose plaques and tangles is essential. Symptomatic treatment drugs are divided into two main categories: cholinesterase inhibitors and NMADA receptor antagonists. The first mechanism is used in classical drugs called cholinesterase inhibitors, prescribed for mild to moderate cases, that attempt to slow down the Alzheimers disease by inhibiting the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine. Donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine are three cholinesterase inhibitors.8 The drug Memantine is a NMDA (N-methyl-D-asparte) receptor antagonist and is used for moderate to severe cases. Memantine protects brain cells against excess glutamate, a chemical messenger released by damaged Alzheimers cells that usually attaches to NMDA receptors and results in a cell-damaging over-exposure of calcium. Despite much research and efforts, there remain no options for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimers disease. There are currently three common gene editing tools available, including Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effectors nucleases (TALENs), and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR). In particular, CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) is the most attractive option because it is faster, cheaper, more accurate, and more efficient than any other existing methods. CRISPR technology is adapted from naturally occurring defense mechanisms of bacteria and archaea. Organisms use CRISPR derived RNA and Cas proteins like Cas9 to stop the attacks of invader viruses by chopping up their DNA. These components are then transferred into another organism to perform gene editing by cutting DNA and tricking a cells natural DNA repair mechanisms to complete a desired change. In particular, Cas9 is directed to cut a region of DNA, fusing crRNA, that is specific to the DNA target, and tracRNA to create a single guide RNA that consists of a small pre-designed RNA sequence. The cells natural repair mechanisms introduce changes in the genome and repair the Cas9 induced double strand breaks. Insertions and deletions (INDELS) may be introduced to disrupt gene function. Science is now turning towards using CRISPR-Cas9 for Alzheimers disease after successful trials for Huntingtons disease, a different neurological disorder. Researchers were able to successfully edit out the faulty region of the mutant HTT gene in an in vivo mice model using cells derived from patient samples using the technique. There is clear potential for the use of CRISPR-Cas9 in correcting the autosomal-dominant mutations of PSEN1 and PSEN2 in early-onset Alzheimers disease models. This is supported by the fact that CRISPR-Cas9 was recently used to correct the PSEN2 autosomal mutations in iPSC-derived neurons. In addition, CRISPR/Cas-9 was used to knock out the Swedish APP mutation in patients. There is also evidence that CRISPR/Cas9 is a useful technology in treating late-onset Alzheimers. A recent, although not formally published study, shows proof that CRISP/Cas9 can be used to control the amyloid pathway attenuating cleavage and A production, while up-regulating the neuroprotective a- cleavage. This APP editing, by targeting the C-terminus region, was proven to be effective in various human neurons and mouse cells. Lastly, research shows that CRISP/Cas9 can be used to convert the APOe4 allele, which is associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimers disease, to an APOe3 allele to lower this risk. Ethical and social issues regarding the use of CRISPR in people are centered around philosophical and safety dilemmas. The philosophical arguments question whether or not CRISPR should be used to alter germ-line cells, in human embryos, that would be passed on to the next generation. In addition, there is a fear that this technology will lead to the creation of designer babies. Recently in a 2015 Napa Valley meeting, a leading group of CRISPR-Cas9 developers, scientists, and ethicists met to discuss the ethical limits of CRISPR systems. Shortly after, a multidisciplinary committee of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine published a report that favored somatic genome editing, but not for any kind of enhancement. In terms of safety, CRISPR is a relatively new technology and much of its effects continue to be unknown. Some are worried that the technology could still be more accurate and that unknown genetic changes could be occurring with unforeseen consequences . For example, it is important to ensure that the disruptions of the DNA occur in the mutant gene and not in the wild-type allele. While accuracy could be considered an issue, CRISPR technology is advances at such a rapid pace that technical limitations should be of minimal concern. The consequence of editing a gene in germline may be unclear and unpredictable because the interaction of genetic information and biological phenotypes is not clear, however. And, considering that Alzheimers has many environmental factors adds to this concern. Another moral and ethical consideration, however, is not engaging in genome editing considering the tremendous social and economic cost of Alzheimers. Alzheimers disease currently affects 5.5 million Americans and this number is expected to triple by 2050 due to a growing and aging population. In addition, it is the third leading cause of death among Americans only trailing heart disease and cancer. $259 billion are going towards managing Alzheimers in the United States today, and this cost is expected to reach $1.2 trillion in 2050 which would bankrupt the entire health care system. Therefore, Alzheimers disease not only affects a large portion of the population due to the large number of those diagnosed, but is an economic burden to everyone. As a result, some may consider not using CRISPR unethical because continuing without a solution is detrimental to everyones health. In addition to Alzheimers as a social challenge due to economic cost, the progression of symptoms presents a social challenge to both those diagnosed and those around them. Mild Alzheimers disease is characterized with symptoms such as wandering and getting lost, trouble managing expenses, repeating questions, taking a longer time to complete everyday tasks, and personality changes. Moderate Alzheimers disease damages areas of the brain that control language, reasoning, sensory processing, memory, and conscious thought, causes patients to have hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia, and makes them unable to recognize friends and family.1 Patients with severe Alzheimers cannot communicate with others and are completely dependent another person as their bodies completely shut down.1 These changes may frustrate the patient and be hard to comprehend for others. Tasks that were always handled by the diagnosed, will now have to be taken care of by someone else. The slow deterioration of b odily function can be difficult to watch especially when so much assistance is required, causes emotional pain, and tension from economic burden making any solution worth it. The CRISPR/Cas9 system has the ability to target just about any gene and can do so more efficiently and effectively than any other current gene-editing mechanism. In doing so, however, there needs to be both clear cut guidelines reflecting the ethical use of CRISPR/Cas9 as well assufficient research regarding a disease in order to ensure that gene-mutation has an effective outcome. In the case of Alzheimers disease, there needs to be an accurate method of diagnosis, considering that a significant number of diagnosis are mistaken as Alzheimers disease instead oftreatable conditions such as depression, vitamin deficiencies, and hypothyroidism.3 In addition, the particular genetic risks leading to both early and late onset Alzheimers disease need to be made clear.Regulations need to be put in place protecting the life-saving aspect of CRISPR, rather than its cosmetic potential, and should require deep reasoning especially when consideringgremlins gene editing. Despite risks, urgency mus t also take precedent. Whether CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing realizes itself as a therapeutic tool in treating Alzheimers is in the hands of researchers, this kind of treatment, with sufficient regulation, will prove revolutionary as these symptoms not only impair the person with the disease, but also disable the lives of their family and friends.

Relationship Between Individual Interests And Collective...

Olson states the purpose of a group is to further the interests of its members. (Olson, 1965; 5) This is not a new idea; Aristotle believes â€Å"men journey together with a view to particular advantage†¦ providing some particular thing needed for the purposes of life, and similarly the political association†¦ for the sake of the general advantages it brings†. (Ethics, VIII.9.1160A) Olson notes particular instances of this, for example, Labour Unions are expected to strive for higher wages and better working conditions. (Olson, 1965; 6) He talks of the relationship between individual interests and collective interests; all the members of a labour union have a common interest in higher wages, but each worker has a unique interest in his personal†¦show more content†¦Each firms’ interest are also contrasting; the more one firms sell, results in a lower the price for the other firms. While each firm has a common interest in a higher price, they have oppo sed interest where output is concerned. In order to illustrate this, Olson makes some assumptions; he assumes price (P) exceeds marginal cost (MC) and that P is inelastic. As P MC, output will increase, and as output increases all firms increase production so price falls. The industry demand curve is inelastic meaning Total Revenue (TR) of the industry will decline. Ultimately, when PMC, output is increased but each firm gets a smaller profit. (Ibid, 9) Alternatively, each firm can increase output to the point that P=MC and so ignore the effects of its extra output on the industry. It can do this because in perfect competition, each firm is so small that it can ignore the effects of output on price. The firm will get only a small part of the benefit from reducing the firm’s output; although the firm is worse off, it has maximised profits. (Ibid, 9) However, if the firms in an industry are maximising profits, the profits for the industry as a whole will reduce. The firms have a common interest in a higher price for the industry’s product yet it is in the interest of each firm that the other firms pay the necessary cost of reduction in output, which is needed to obtain a higher price. (REFERENCE) As no firm wants to do this, outside intervention is the only way ofShow MoreRelatedInterpersonal Communication Essay569 Words   |  3 Pagesis usually because you do not know the context information internally and because cl ose relationships cannot be created in an instant. Low context cultures are fairly easy to enter, even if you are an outsider; the information you need to participate is available, relationships form quicker, and because the most important thing you’re doing here, is to accomplish a task not find your way into a relationship. Every culture and every situation has its high and low points; some situations may evenRead MoreProblems Facing Trade Unions in Kenya845 Words   |  4 PagesCollective bargaining generally includes negotiations between the two parties (employees’ representatives and employer’s representatives). Collective bargaining consists of negotiations between an employer and a group of employees that determine the conditions of employment. Often employees are represented in the bargaining by a union or other labor organization. The result of collective bargaining procedure is called the collective bargaining agreement (CBA). Collective agreements m ay be in theRead More The Social Construction of Workers’ Collectivism1655 Words   |  7 Pageslargely on increased member participation, generating and maintaining strong collective identities and mobilization of union resources. It was further contended that collective identities are not given, but constructed and sustained through narrative framing and engagement of individuals. These processes highlighted the importance of trade union leaders’ ability to construct and sustain workers’ collective identity and interest via strategies which seek to broaden the relevancy of trade unionism. InRead MoreCollective Action Problems And Solutions Essay966 Words   |  4 PagesCollective Action Problems Incentives Required For Individuals to Work Together Collective action problems arise in politics because as individuals we are conflicted between our own interest and the interest of the group. Our choice is either to be selfish or cooperate with the group. â€Å"It involves building, combining, mixing, and amalgamating people’s individual goals† (Lowi, et al. 13). There are three main theories as to why collective action problems exist. 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This type of consensus defines the social contract between the larger social order and the flexibility of these institutions to allow individual actors to amalgamate their opinions and viewpoints as part of healthy interaction in society. Mill defines the greater good of society as the primary goal of theRead MoreKarl Marx s Class Theory1687 Words   |  7 Pagesas well as relatively indistinctive state it has stayed categorized between classes which conflict in the pursuit of class interests. In the capitalist world, for instance, the factor which is the just but the nuclear cell as regards the capitalist system, becomes the key antagonism locus between classes—between labor power buyers and sellers, between exploiters and exploited—in place of functional collaboration. Class interests and the power confrontation s that they introduce is to Karl Marx theRead MoreThe Differences Between Local Governments And Political Machines1258 Words   |  6 Pagesencountered. The increased population required more solutions to solve problems regarding the distribution of resources as well as public services. In many ways, the political machines provided solutions to individuals in urban cities, but it was only done in exchange for votes and did not solve collective problems the cities faced. Reformers who wanted to change the inadequate and corrupt governments that existed in cities attempted to do so by recreating the rules and structure of local governments. TheRead MoreThe Refugee Crisis : A Humanitarian Issue1421 Words   |  6 Pagessituation has led to widespread disagreement between the EU members, while emphasizing that the outcome of this dispute is one that would have wide reaching repercussions not only for the refugees, but also for the countries that have made the decision whether or not to help the refugees. 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His 135 Week 9 Final Project free essay sample

History 135 Week 9 Final Project: â€Å"The Most Significant Events†: When most people are taught about U. S. history, we think of mostly the bad times like the wars, the civil rights movements, President Kennedy’s and M. L. King Jr’s associations, just to name a few. In this paper I will discuss those and more going into the start of the 21st century. The previous five decades consisting of the 1950s into the millennium happened during the U. S. History equally turbulent, but exciting. There also were numerous transformations within social, governmental, plus technological sections, but the WWII era currently seems rather prehistoric. Since the 1950s America has experienced major cultural transformations, starting with four main military disagreements, accelerated technological advancements, new but dangerous diseases, also one president resigns from office instead of facing impeachment or prison, then collapse to the Soviet Union, also numerous economic challenges. The United States was winning the WWII war, also some ensuing economic growth and political circumstances forced the United States in the spotlight. America had money and predictably assisted other countries, while developing their own troubles on the home front, increasing troubles socially plus economically. Numerous big trends happened throughout the 1950’s, ranging from the Cold War amidst America and the Soviet Union grew, and then the Korean War brought America to a new global war, although tensions intensified in â€Å"Egypt with the Suez Canal disaster,† and the Cuban Revolution between Castro and the people, then the United States went through some confused moments with the Anti-Communist viewpoints, and the Senator J. McCarthy’s allegations. (Halberstam, 1994). The Civil Rights Movement, in the 1950s, did have some rather impressive improvements. These improvements occurred not because of an individual person or single group, but of a movement that seemed to unite and solidify even through adversity. Possibly it was the best time cause, Blacks had served in World War II, exposing some White Americans to race issues for the first time; the country was centered on anti-communism, so race may have taken a back seat. It is also important to remember that it was not only brave African Americans who led the fight for justice, but college students and religious leaders of many races. In fact, these activities often employed legal challenges, civil protests, and other initiatives to bring the issue of racism into the living rooms of middle-class Americans. Not every African Americans agreed with the manner in which the struggle should be made: Dr. Martin Luther King Jr was a primary advocate of peaceful change† reasonable dialog, and taking the arguments of Thoreau and Gandhi to heart. King believed if enough people purposely broke, albeit peacefully, unjust laws and actions, those laws would fail. (Morris,1986, 30-44, 58-89). In contrast, though, as millions of African Americans migrated from the rural South to the North and West seeking new and better jobs, they demanded higher pay and a more democratic systems. This, combined with more mechanization of agriculture in the South, moved the African American into wider dispersion throughout the country. It is also interesting to note that most Americans and politicians supported the decolonization of the African nations and equal government and rights for those populations but then in their own backyard had differing views. Legal challenges were plentiful with the largely recognized was the 1954 verdict on Brown versus Board of Education, and the U. S. Supreme Court administered â€Å"segregated schools unconstitutional. † In refusing anyone the right to an education, the Court said, many institutions in the South were refusing basic Constitutional rights guaranteed by the 14th Amendment. (See: http://brownvboard. org/summary). Although, the ruling was a major victory, when, in 1957 the Little Rock Arkansas School District was commanded to desegregate; and its Governor Fabus refused, arguing that the States had the right to administer their schools. In the Fall of 1957, Fabus called out the National Guard to prevent African Americans from entering Little Rock High School and media coverage in its infancy, and Americans were not surprised to seeing white adults in crowds attacking Black children. As the world’s eyes are observing the United States and President Eisenhower desperate to regain control over the U. S. , and Federal Troops were called in to protect African Americans, and Governor Fabus closed the schools in 1958 and 1959. Still, the Movement accentuated the idea of peaceful coexistence and the establishment of legal authority for members of all races. What maybe made the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s so significant is not essentially what battles were won but what training had been done as the decade drew to a close. (Jackson, 2006). If the 1950s were traditional politically, and filled with media images of the perfect family, despite the turmoil of the Civil Rights Movement, the 1960s were anything but peaceful. The 1960s were especially unique in that so many children had been born in the years after WWII that now, in the 60s, they were becoming of age, thus the 60s are also known as the Age of Youth. Several general trends characterize the era: a vast counterculture and social revolution, typically youth rebelling like never before; increased attention to civil rights, feminism, the Vietnam War and the anti-war movement at home; more prevalence of illegal drugs; increasing tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union and China; new experiments in music, dance, and the arts; and several international and national assassinations that changed the course of political history. This was also the era of vast social and political upheavals, riots, demonstrations, sit-ins, opt outs, and a clear counter culture that turned away from mainstream materialism and into a new sexual revolution questioning authority, societies, government, and demanding more freedoms and rights for women, minorities, sexual minorities, and above all, the end of the Vietnam War. (Gitlin,1993). As the world’s eyes are observing the United States and President Eisenhower who was desperate to regain control over the States, Federal Troops were chosen in to protect African Americans, and Governor Fabus closed the schools in 1958 and 1959. Still, the Movement accentuated the idea of peaceful coexistence and the establishment of legal authority for members of all races. What possibly made the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s so important is not necessarily what battles were won but what preparations were made as the decade drew to a close. (Jackson, 2006). If the 1950s were conservative politically, and filled with media images of the perfect family, despite the turmoil of the Civil Rights Movement, the 1960s were anything but peaceful. The 1960s were especially unique in that so many children had been born in the years after WWII that now, in the 60s, they ere becoming of age, thus the 60s are also known as the Age of Youth. Several general trends characterize the era: a vast counterculture and social revolution, typically youth rebelling like never before; increased attention to civil rights, feminism, the new left, and the Latino and Chicano movement; the Vietnam War and the anti-war movement at home; more prevale nce of illegal drugs; increasing tensions between the West and the Soviet Bloc and China; new experiments in music, dance, and the arts; and several international and national assassinations that changed the course of political history. This was also the era of vast social and political upheavals, riots, demonstrations, sit-ins, opt outs, and a clear counter culture that turned away from mainstream materialism and into a new sexual revolution questioning authority, societies, government, and demanding more freedoms and rights for women, minorities, sexual minorities, and above all, the end of the Vietnam War (Gitlin,1993). Though for numerous people, it was the Vietnam War, roughly 1959-1975 that characterized the 1960s. The history of the war is complex, but essentially the conflict was fought between South Vietnam, and North Vietnam. The war was essentially a guerilla war fought between pro and anti-communist forces. The problem was who could tell who was communist and who was not. The United States and its allies entered the war under the pretence of preventing the takeover of South Vietnam as part of a wider strategy to contain communism. Some planners at the time used the analogy the domino effect to describe what they believed would happen if one country after another fell to community rule. An instance of what was forecasted was complicated by President Eisenhower as early in 1954; â€Å"Finally, you have broader considerations that might follow what you would call the falling domino principle. You have a row of dominoes set up, you knock over the first one, and what will happen to the last one is the certainty that it will go over very quickly. So you could have a beginning of a disintegration that would have the most profound influences. † (Domino theory, news conference,1954) As the war had accelerated throughout the early part of presidency of John F. Kennedy, possibly was appropriate to his view that unless a strong ine was drawn, the Soviet Union would continue to exert its authority and power. Though, the quality of the South Vietnamese military was poor, and unlike the North Vietnamese military, had corruption, poor leadership, and an incompetent government made it all but impossible to fight a modern war with any hope of winning (McNamara, 1996, 3-20). A fter the assignation of President Kennedy, Lyndon Johnson was more disturbed with issues at home, his Great Society than the war in Asia. Of course, though, the war intensified, demanding increasingly extra American troops and dollars to be sent to the area and escalation throughout the decade. In November 1967 General Westmoreland focused his efforts on a public relations tour to bolster support for the War, but found the public apathetic at best no one could really understand the reason for a war in Southeast Asia, let alone understand a war that seemed as if American was not really trying to win. (McNamara,1996,45-90). Culturally, still the effects on the U. S. social framework were great deals. The Army became almost demoralized, some generals saying, we never knew our friends or our enemies. Tactics became a political basketball, and the success rate was low even at the best of times. Veterans returning to the U. S. after duty were rarely celebrated, and believed they had been alienated from their country and confused regarding why they had even been in Vietnam. Again, even Henry Kissinger noted that the U. S. military was not really suited to this kind of war. Similarly, the financial burden of the War called political judgment into question; doubts were rife about the tactics, and ever decision was analyzed on the nightly news, with most Americans believing that we simply did not belong there, (Davidson, 1991). More than anything, the Vietnam War emphasized what was wrong on the home front and that a superpower was not always a superpower tremendous might would not always prevail. From the turbulent 60s we move into the confusing 1970s a decade of change, healing, economic downturns, dishonesty at the highest stages of government, greater dependence on foreign steel and oil, but a more mature focus on political and social equality. Japans economy boomed but much of the West, heavily dependent upon Arab oil, suffered an economic recession. Vietnam was finally ended; with a peace accord that left little doubt America did not win the war. The U. S. became entangled in the conflicts in the Middle East but could not really get its own house in order. Environmentalism, Feminism, and even more focus on Civil Rights were part of this decade, with many positive steps in integrating women and minorities into previously closed aspects of society. The counterculture was aging, and there was still a great deal of discontent, both America and Europe were moving to the Right politically and culturally (Burns, 2005). The Presidential Crisis of Richard Nixon, which seemed to shape the way the world viewed America in the 1970s. The so-called Watergate Affair encompassed a number of secret, and illegal, activities sanctioned by President Nixon or his aids. In brief, Nixon hired some underlings to break into the Democratic Party Headquarters on June 17, 1972. They were tasked to gather secret information to be used against the Democrats in the upcoming election. Watergate despite, became a figure of the numerous scandals that were uncovered by reporters from â€Å"The Washing Post† and numerous newspapers. Nixon, of course, downplayed the scandal, but when tapes of conversations were found, it became clear that Nixon himself had accepted illegal campaign contributions, and had harassed opponents with Presidential powers, and abused his position in office as well as his duty toward the Constitution. (Stans, 1978). Nixon continued to deny his involvement, stating to the nation in November, 1973: â€Å"People have got to know whether or not their President is a crook. Well, I’m not a crook. I’ve earned everything I’ve got. †( Kilpatrick,1973-11-18). Nixon Tells Editors, Im Not a Crook. (The Washington Post, 1973) Nevertheless, in May 1974, the Congressional House Judiciary Committee opened public impeachment hearing against President Nixon. Practical to the end, Nixon realized he had lost political and public support, and that it was certain he would be impeached and likely convicted and imprisoned. Instead, he resigned the Presidency on August 9, 2974, after making an impassionate television address to the public. Nixon never admitted to any wrongdoing, but later said he might have had errors in judgment. (Kutler, 1992: 167-72). As a result of Watergate, Nixon was disbarred by the State of New York, and because he would admit no wrongdoing, he resigned all his law licenses. On September 8, 1974, however, he was pardoned unconditionally by his successor, President Gerald Ford, thus ending any possibility of a future indictment. The pardon was, of course, quite controversial and many claimed it was part of a secret deal made in payment for Nixon’s resignation. The 1980s are now known as the Age of Reagan Conservatism, after the two terms in office of Ronald Reagan, former Hollywood actor and Governor of California. Globally, economies boomed, both production and Western culture moved to the 2nd and 3rd worlds, while the Western democracies saw a huge revival of conservatism with Margaret Thatcher in Britain, Reagan in the United States, Helmut Kohl in German, and Brian Mulroney in Canada. Yes, there was war in the Middle East, and the Arab-Israeli conflict continued. In China, reformers protested in Tiananmen Square, in the USSR a new policy of openness was popularized by Gorbachev, and in Eastern Europe a succession of dictatorial regimes toppled due to lack of financial support from the USSR. In fact, may social historians believe that one of the legacies of the Reagan years was his insistence upon military spending to literally bankrupt the Russian economy (White, 1999). But it was not just Reagan’s foreign policy that characterized this era. Instead, a now popular term called Reaganomics’ has come to be the epitome of the U. S. economy in the 1980s. There are four major pillars of this plan, which was designed to cut back on domestic spending and increase military funding. ) Reduce any non-military governmental spending, 2) Reduce tax rates on income from labor and capital, 3) Reduce governmental regulation on the economy, and 4) Control the money supply and reduce inflation. (Wilentz, 2008: 174). The legacy of the Reagan years showed that when he became president the country was experiencing a high rate of inflation and unemployment by the time he left office, the economy was stimulated, unemployment down, inflation down but, the national debt tripled, leaving also a legacy of debt (Greenspan,2007). Transitioning from the legacy of Reagan, one of the seminal events of the 1990s was the Fall of the Soviet Union, the Eastern Communists, and the end of the Cold War. America made huge leaps technologically, free-market capitalism was now common in more developing countries; racial and gender prejudice became the exception, and, after 165 of British Colonial Rule, Hong Kong was transferred to the jurisdiction of the People’s Republic of China. United States was involved in the 1991 Gulf War, as well as the North American Free Trade Agreement of 1994 creating a free trade zone encompassing Canada, the United States, and Mexico. The dominant political figure of the 1990s in America was Bill Clinton, and his attempts to broker peace in the Middle East, in the former Yugoslavia, and a focus on globalization left America in a world-leadership role once again. (Kallen,1998). It was, though, the end of the Cold War that finally cemented the move toward greater globalization, peace and prosperity, and less of a focus on militarization and the climate of fear. In brief, by the time Mikhail Gorbachev became General Secretary of the Communist Party in 1985, the Soviet economy was stagnant, if not in shambles. He realized he needed to do deep structural changes, but also knew that he needed to move towards peace with the U. S. , and a lessened burden on the Soviet GNP for spending on the military. Through a series of summit talks, the arms race was scaled back, and by 1989 the Soviet alliance system had collapsed, Poland became free, and the era of communism was officially over when the USSR was officially dissolved on Christmas Day 1991 (Gaddis,1994). The legacy of the Cold War, however, remains with us even today. Countless billions of dollars and millions of lives were shed in the name of protecting the Communism, Socialism, Capitalism. Without a doubt, the politics of post-World War II helped define America’s policeman role in world politics, and even in 1989 had military alliances with over 50 countries and 1. 5 million troops posted in 117 countries (Gaddis, 1994). While there has been a new era of economic growth and partnership with the West in some former communist countries, the Russian Republic continues to face challenges with its ethnic minorities, its criminal element, and deciding its place in the world. The question now people are asking is if the world will make it through the year of 2010 and then into year 2012. Some futurologists predicting the future say that if we live past 2012 and beyond are very uncertain. Certainly, the rapidity of technological change will continue to have a major impact both in America and abroad. The conflicts in the Middle East have depended, and seem to have stagnated with no end in sight. It will be imperative that the United States divest itself from dependence on foreign oil, and thus the need to be constantly involved in the affairs of he Middle East. Cyclically, it appears that America is headed for a recessionary period huge amounts of credit card and bad-real estate debt have crippled the economy, as well as placed resources in very precarious positions. That said, however, we are on the brink of possibly electing the first African American President, we have a female Speaker of the House, and numerous racial, sexual, and ethnic minorities in high positions in the military, government, and private sector. As we have seen, the one constant is change, and change we will perhaps not in the direction futurists describe but clearly, in a rapid direction of egalitarianism and a philosophy of global cooperation. References: www. brownvboard. org â€Å"The Future of American Power† http://www. foreignaffairs. org/20080501facomment87303/fareed-zakaria/the-future-of-american- power. html â€Å"What is the economic future of the United States? † http://www. kuro5hin. org/story/2005/5/21/54452/0829 http://www. historyplace. om/speeches/ford. htm www. watson. org Burns, Bree, (2005), America In The 1970s, Facts on File. Davidson, Philip, (1991), Vietnam At War: The history: 1946-1975, Oxford University Press. Gaddis, John Lewis, (1994), The U. S. and the End of the Cold War, Oxford University Press. Gitlin, Todd (1993), The Sixties: Years of Hope, Days of Rage, Bantam. Halberstam, David, (1994), The Fifties, Ballantine. Jackso n, Thomas F. (2006), From Civil Rights to Human Rights: Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Struggle For Economic Justice, University of Pennsylvania Press. Kallen, Stuart. (1998), A Cultural History of the United States: The 1990s, Lucent Books. Kutler, Stanley (1992), Wars of Watergate: The Last Crisis of Richard Nixon, WW Norton. McNamara, Robert, (1996), In Retrospect: The Tragedy and Lessons of Vietnam, Vintage Press. Morris, Aldon, (1986), Origins of the Civil Rights Movement. Free Press. Stans, Maurice H. (1978) The Terrors of Justice: The Untold Side of Watergate, W. Clement Stone. Kilpatrick, Carroll (1973-11-18). Nixon Tells Editors, Im Not a Crook'. The Washington Post. White, Anne, (1999), Democratization in Russia Under Gorbachev, 1985-91, Palgave McMillan. Wilentz, Sean. (2008), The Age of Reagan: A History, Harper. Greenspan, Alan, (2007) The Age of Turbulence, Penguin Press. (First add your own TITLE Page to this paper. Also a little tip: Make the conclusion a stronger one and shorten the information of the paragraphs, and you should have a great paper. These References are not in the complete order of â€Å"APA† style. ) I received a grade point of 240 for this paper for the course of â€Å"HIS/135. † Complete course description: â€Å"The American Experience Since 1945 (AXIA). †

Everyday Essays - Quilting, Quilt, Everyday Use, Radka Donnell

Everyday Use By Alice Walker With her story, "Everyday Use," Alice Walker is saying that art should be a living, breathing part of the culture it arose from, rather than something from which to be observed from a distance. To make this point, she uses the quilts in her story to symbolize art; and what happens to these quilts represents her theory of art. The quilts themselves, as art, are inseparable from the culture they arose from.. The history of these quilts is a history of the family. The narrator says, "In both of them were scraps of dresses Grandma Dee had worn fifty and more years ago. Bits and pieces of Grandpa Jarrell's Paisley shirts. And one teeny faded blue piece . . . that was from Great Grandpa Ezra's uniform that he wore in the Civil War." So these quilts, which have become an heirloom, not only represent the family, but are an integral part of the family. Walker is saying that true art not only represents its culture, but is an inseparable part of that culture. The manner in which the quilts are treated shows Walker's view of how art should be treated. Dee covets the quilts for their financial and aesthetic value. "But they're priceless!" she exclaims, when she learns that her mother has already promised them to Maggie. Dee argues that Maggie is "backward enough to put them to everyday use." Indeed, this is how Maggie views the quilts. She values them for what they mean to her as an individual. This becomes clear when she says, "I can 'member Grandma Dee without the quilts," implying that her connection with the quilts is personal and emotional rather than financial and aesthetic. She also knows that the quilts are an active process, kept alive through continuous renewal. As the narrator points out, "Maggie knows how to quilt." The two sisters' values concerning the quilt represent the two main approaches to art appreciation in our society. Art can be valued for financial and aesthetic reasons, or it can be valued for personal and emotional reasons. When the narrator snatches the quilts from Dee and gives them to Maggie, Walker is saying that the second set of values is the correct one. Art, in order to be kept alive, must be put to "Everyday Use" -- literally in the case of the quilts, figuratively in the case of conventional art. Alice Walker is using the quilts, and the fate of those quilts, to make the point that art can only have meaning if it remains connected to the culture it sprang from. Her story itself is a good example: Walker didn't write it to be observed under a glass case, judged aesthetically, and sold to the highest bidder; she meant it to be questioned, to be explored, to be debated -- in short, to be put to "Everyday Use."

Galeries of Paris essays

Galeries of Paris essays At the start or the academic year I attended a study trip to Paris where we visited some of the famous galleries and sights of the capital. As a part of our contextual studies we asked to produce a essay on a exhibition or a gallery of witch seen during the study trip. I have decided to look at two of the famous galleries of the capital witch are the Pompidou and the Muse d'Orsay. I am intending to look at the differences between the buildings and the work that is displayed within. I intend to do this because I find the differences interesting. I am looking at the comparison between the both buildings at two different levels at the simplest level I find it very interesting the way that the both galleries are similar in the way that hold pieces of art but they are both very different in the way that they have been built and designed. The Muse d'Orsay was originally a railway station and then got converted in to a art gallery. Therefore the building is very old and traditional and fits in next to the many other old and famous buildings in Paris, of witch the main feature is the tower clock witch is still there today. Whilst on the other hand the Pompidou is a new and modern building that includes many shapes and colours in the design of the building. This building is not very traditional and in my opinion dose not fit in against many of the old and traditional buildings in the capital. The Pompidou has sparked many debates about its daring and strange architecture. The comparison of the two buildings interests me because eve n though the Pompidou was accepted only slowly and with great difficulty into the rhythm of daily life in the area. But now, the metal and glass parallelepiped air ducts with stairwells stuck onto the outside has a unique central role in the capital. The number of people who visit the building daily is astounding, and for many years it was the most visited museum in Paris. The other level that I am looking at t ...

Nursing -improper identifacation of non pressure wound Research Paper

Nursing -improper identifacation of non pressure wound - Research Paper Example Nurses often fail to recognize non-pressure ulcers and document them as pressure ulcers, thus leading to confused and suboptimal treatments and devastating consequences to the patient. In diabetic ulcers, delayed and inappropriate treatment increases the risk of amputation. Thus, it is very important to identify and documents ulcers appropriately. In this essay, improper identification of non-pressure wounds will be discussed through review of appropriate literature. Evaluation and improper identification and documentation of non-pressure wounds The first step in the evaluation of a patient with ulcer is taking appropriate medical history and hence this aspect is very important to ascertain whether the ulcer is pressure or non-pressure type. History should include age and sex of the patient and presenting complaints. The chronology of events, whether the onset of the wound was traumatic or spontaneous, the treatments taken for the wounds and the outcomes of the treatments must be enq uired. The history should also include whether the ulcer is associated with pain and if present, whether the pain is sudden in onset, and whether it is nocturnal or present when the leg has been in the dependent position for a long time. Other details to be included in the history are history of any chronic disease like diabetes and hypertension, occupational history, history of varicose veins, previous history of lower limb wounds/ulcers/gangrene, history of amputations and history of any other surgeries. Family history of similar ulcers also must be enquired into (Kunimoto, 2001). Influence of biological and social factors also must be assessed. The next step in assessment is to determine the etiology and risk factors of the wound. Age, malnutrition, collagen disease and drugs like steroids inhibit wound healing (Kunimoto, 2001). After medical history, physical examination of the wound must be undertaken. Physical examination gives valuable information especially in the elderly wh o cannot recall history details. One of the aims of physical examination is to differentiate between venous leg ulcers and non-venous leg ulcers. Venous leg ulcers occur in the distal medial third of the lower extremity and they are shallow without punched margins. The amount of granulation tissue and its color must also be assessed. Nurses are often confused here. Differences in documentation of the quantity and color of granulation tissue by the nurses have been reported (Frank-Stromborg et al, 2001). Decreased granulation tissue or bluish hue color of this tissue are indicators of bacterial infection. The drainage from the wound must be examined as to whether it is serous, purulent or serosanguinous. There is evidence that there is no homogeneity among nurses and other health professionals in ascertaining the type of secretion from wound (Stremitzer et al, 2007) and this aspect plays a very important role in wound evaluation and diagnosis. Purulent discharge is an indicator of ba cterial infection. The length, depth and width of the ulcer must also be assessed. Surrounding skin examination gives a valuable clue to differentiate between venous and non-venous ulcers. Peripheral arterial circulation assessment is a must in ulcer evaluation. Palpation of the dorsalis pedis artery is useful for this purpose. However, it is absent in about 10% of people. Color and perfusion are other markers for arterial sufficiency. Nurses must be aware of

Heroic Paradigms from Iliad to Aeneid Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Heroic Paradigms from Iliad to Aeneid - Essay Example The Aeneid does not explicitly deal with Roman politics in fact it is a story about a mythological figure Aeneas who lead Trojans to Italy after the Greeks destroy their homeland. Unlike Homer’s Aeneas who is portrayed as a warrior who boasts about his prowess on the battlefield and then proceeds to lose in every one of them since he was a bad warrior Vergil projects him as a tragic figure who is in search of a rational explication about the actions of God who destroy human beings and make them suffer, The same Gods who love and protect him. Some of the major heroic paradigms that are explored in â€Å"The Iliad† include the ideals of heroism: bravery, courage, super-strength, intelligence and nobility. The Homeric Hero is a man of action who is never incapacitated because he survives on his instinct. Unhindered by doubts he soars above humanity and performs action that ensures his ever lasting fame and glory. Achilles fits this description of Homeric Hero although it i s observed that his character develops gradually through out the text. The readers realize that Achilles of Iliad 22 is a man with a higher mission, who is ready to stake everything, including his own life in order to fulfill his mission. Hence he acts totally differently from the man of Iliad 1 who acts as a petulant child with a short temper and has the tendency of making irrational decisions. Therefore it can be inferred that the glory associated with Homeric Hero lives up to the definition of a hero of the Greek times. So it is perceived that the audience of the time believed that a hero should be an individual above all other human beings with special qualities of bravery, strength and intelligence. On contrary Aeneas is introduced in the poem as, â€Å"And suddenly Aeneas felt his limbs go numb with cold †¦I envy your fate†¦Why didn't you kill me on the plains of Troy When you had the chance and free my soul with your strong hand?† (Vergil 3). In the very begi nning the protagonist has surrendered his will to fate and desires death. This explication is in complete contrast to the heroic paradigms set by the Greeks. Hence from this it can be inferred that Vergil’s Aeneid enlightens the readers about the cultural trend during the Vergil’s time had shifted from hero worship to a character more closely related to a common man who suffers pain and is not above the rest of mankind. Western Thought According to Plato and Aristotle the best way of learning is through communicating with others or collectivization. Socrates ‘Dialectic Method’ is a common technique that is employed in most of the classes. According to which he sat in the market place, started of a conversation on a certain topic and then picked up their flaws out of the ensuing argument and then brought each conversation to a proper ending or conclusion. A similar style of discussion and study is also implemented in this course of philosophy. This method h elps the students to not only think about and share their personal ideas but also it enlightens them about the thoughts and feelings of their fellow students as well hence providing them with an opportunity to learn from the experiences or the point of views of other individuals. The Early Western thought processes of each writer vastly differ from one another. For example although Homer and Vergil in their respective epic poems deal with same mythological figures yet

The Impacts Of The African Slave Trade History Essay

The Impacts Of The African Slave Trade History Essay Slavery was carried out in various parts of the world and mainly in some parts of Africa, Asia, Europe and America. Slave trade was at the highest during the period at which Americans were under the colonial powers of the European states. Europeans carried out their slave trade extensively in African nations. It is said that low economic level in African nations made it easy for Europeans to take control over Africans. The major slave trade regime against Africans by Europeans was known as Atlantic slave trade. It was not the only trade though it is believed to have been the most extensive both in volume and intensity wise. The Africans who were victims of slave trade to the Europeans are said to have been hostages of endemic warfare that was between different states of Africa. Their traders gained weapons and other basic necessities from Europeans in return. Contrary, Africans carried out the trade against themselves. There existed many divisions between African regions. Some of the divisions were ethnic, driven by culture and beliefs, religion, political, economic level, and boundary conflicts. Those divisions brought about conflicts and wars. Those who went into war captured their enemies who were source of wealth to them on trading with Europeans. The trade was barter trade whereby Europeans went off with slaves in exchange of goods such as manufactured cloth, alcohol, weapons among others. Interestingly, the slavery trade had become the major international trade to Africans. The trade had grown extensively into communities and family levels. Kingdom rulers of the community did not discourage the trade rather they encouraged by selling out those who were their enemies or the most hardworking personas of the kingdom. At the family level, family members would sell out their counterparts mostly when there were family disputes among different families or family members. All these made it easier for the Europeans to acquire slaves from traders who were willing to sell out themselves (Williams 1994,p.12). The main reason was the shortage of labor in the continent whereby demand for laborers had exceeded the capability of the population supply. Slaves who landed into Europe at early period of slavery were the Aboriginal peoples. At first they were a few but they suffered from diseases and cruelty from racist Europeans. Immense numbers of them were hired for mining, and in the plantations which were labor-intensive in growing, harvesting and processing of products such as sugar, cotton and other low-prized tropical crops. Affordability of low cost of labor helped in the economic growth of European states at the period. The first European state to carry out slave trade was Portugal. Portuguese were in dire need of laborers for mining and sugar plantation activities in Brazil which was their colony at the period. Later European states completion towards the slavery began when Brazil was seized by Dutch which eventually became to be the leading slave trading power in seventeenth century. They sold slaves to their colonies, to British and also to the Spanish. In late 17th century, Britain rose to be the leading trading power after gaining the control over the Americans. The other reason was large size of the market for European products. The triangular Atlantic slave trade is believed to have been the most convenient and profitable trade route. This is because Ships leaving Europe were only required to carry trade goods on their way to Africa. On arrival to Africa exchange of the goods for slaves took place. To Europeans the trade was always to their favor since cheap goods were of more value to poor African states who complied effectively in the trade. However, Europeans got to a point of carrying out supplying role of slaves to the world. Some of slaves acquired from Africa were transported to the American states for trade. In America, they traded slaves for the agricultural products, which were in many cases produced through slave labor. Due to low cost of labor, agricultural products were acquired at a low prize. To the Europeans trade route was an important business since it required that a ship make a leg of the voyage for a substantial profit waiting at the destination. This enhanced the international relationships between European nations and their trade counterparts. In addition, ships used less energy on their ways since trade routes were designed in a specific manner. This is because trades men followed the routes which they would take full advantage of the widespread winds and currents which propelled their ships. For instance, the journey from a place like West Indies or any other place in the southern United States to any other place in Europe would be propelled by the waves of Gulf Stream. This made it cheaper for Europeans to acquire slaves from other nations (Klein 1999,p.23). However, in industries, which were most profitable, slavery was the main source of labor of the time. Majority of the slaves were hired in the sugar production sector. Sugar plantations were the most labor intensive activity in the time. In additionally, the other slaves were hired in other labor intensive activities such as in coffee, cotton, and tobacco harvesting, and also in the mining. Slaves were basic possessions to European states and they always protected them so as to retain them in their land. For instance, in 1763, France had agreed to give out vast colony of New France in exchange for permit to keeping Antillian island of Guadeloupe. As the time went by, opposition against slave trade developed in Europe. The move was fore headed by religious movements such as Religious Society of Friends and also established clergies of the Evangelical ministries such as the William Wilberforce. Later individuals joined the movements and from which they protested against the slave trade to their state powers. However, owners of colonial holdings opposed the move (Rodney 1981,p.14). Success of the moves was marked by abolition of slave trade in Denmark through the legislation in 1792 and took its effect later in 1803. Britain followed the compliance by imposing ban to the trade in early 1807. Britain kingdom had to impose rigid fines for any one who allowed slaves to aboard a Britain destined ship. Additionally, the British Royal Navy, which in control of all worldsà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ sea, stopped other nations from participating in the slave trade through the declaration that equalized slaving to the piracy and culprits were to be punished by death penalty. To the Europeans, end of the slave trade, had insignificant obstacles which it is a must that they had to be overcome. Slave trade was an important part to the economy of the regional states. In 18th century, slaves were the main supply of labor that was required in the production activities of the agricultural products. However, end of slavery resulted into high cost of production and eventually the rise of prices of the same products in the market (Anstey 1975,p.34). However, some scholars studied the slavery ban movement slightly before the Second World War and concluded that it was in most probably recorded among the three or four important historical pages in the history of the European nations. This is mainly because slavery had an important impact to the growth of the economy and thus it was difficult for European nations to do away with it. Contrary, in his studies, Eric Williams, a West Indian historian, argued that it was as a consequence of the economic transitions, of European nations, which was unrelated to any morality factor. However, he based his squabble upon the idea that the colonies of West Indian were declining in the early 19th century. This is because they had lost political and economic importance to Europeans. Consequently, this decline made slavery to be an economic weigh down that made the British to have a will of doing away with it (Williams 1994,p.34). However, Williamà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s study is questioned. This is because decline in West Indian colonies manifested after 1807 when slave trade was banned. Moreover, slavery was economically flourishing at a fast pace before the ban. However, most likely the decline may have resulted from the effects of suppression which colonies felt from slave trade. In addition, the lowering of prices for the products which were produced through slave labor could be taken as evidence which exhibits that lowering in the price of a product leads to increase in the demand and eventually increasing the total profits. In addition, it is said that profits which were earned as a result of the slave trade lasted at low levels. Results say it was always about ten percent of the total investment and indicated no verification of the decline. More importantly, the prices of lands in West Indies, as an essential tool in analyzing economic growth of the region also did not decline until after discontinuation of the slave trade. Also, the economies of colonies which heavily relied on agricultural products did not decline. In fact are said to have been at the peak in 1807. However, there was a reason for Williams to be biased. This is because he was actively drawn into the movements which advocated for the independence of the colonies of Caribbean. With that notion he had a drive to try to snuff out any idea of such an unsparing action by colonialists to their colonies. However, some scholars have acknowledged Williams arguments in their works though they agree to the fact that the issue of morality was combined together with politics and economic forces so as to end slavery in Europe. However, religion is believed to have had the strongest movement that campaigned against slavery and actually into convincing Westminster into outlawing the trade. More also, Evangelical protestants together with Quakers formed a group which viewed slavery as an act of inhumane. These individuals formed the minority persons in the population, but more interestingly they were passionate and the group had many members who were enthusiastic individuals (Emmer 2000,p.45). In the parliament, large number of members presented these groups. Their parliament presence is said to have been so strong in that at their height they had control of about thirty five to forty seats. Normally precarious government positions acted as to magnify their numbers and also their service to the citizens. The members of the group were known as saints and William Wilberforce was their leader. Most importantly they were campaigners of the anti-slave in the European nations. Parliamentarians who belonged to the group were tremendously enthusiastic and frequently saw their delicate battle in opposition to slavery as a delightfully predestined crusade. However, after the ending of slavery in Britain, British felt obliged by economic pressure to force down other European nations into inserting themselves into a common economic straitjacket, or else the colonies of Britain would have became uncompetitive with those who were belonged to other nations. Ironically, British effort to campaign against slavery was an unparalleled foreign policy effort to combine economic powers (Drescher 1999,p.98). However, the Britainà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s campaign did not full succeed. This is because some European nations strongly objected the move into surrendering rights to the trade. These nations included Spain, and France. However, Britain did not back down but instead used every tool to trying to persuade these nations so that they may follow its lead. Interestingly, Spain agreed but through a payment of a ransom. Spain received over one million pounds in order for it to end the slave trade. For the France, it was difficult at outset. At first, Britain tried to inflict its idea of solution during the negotiation meeting at the near end of Napoleonic Wars. More devastating to the British is the reluctant of Russia and Austria who vowed not to end the trade. The people and government of France had profound uncertainties about compromising to the demands of Britain. This is because they did not only that other nations end the trade, but also their right to keep watch over the ban. However, Royal Navy was permitted to carry out searches in any apprehensive ships in the waters and confiscate any carrying slaves, or in operation to doing so. It is these stiff demands that kept France into the trade for a long time. More surprisingly, in 1815, France gave in to the ban but they never allowed Britain to police to interfere with their activities neither did they watch over themselves. That made it easier for the illegal trade to continue for a long time. French citizens had initially been indifferent to the trade. With that fact, their national pride could not allow Britain to dictate over their policies. Contrary, conservative backlash vied that reformist movement as tainted by the after the revolution. However, in France, a complete halt of slave trade was realized in 1848 (Drescher 1999,p.78). In conclusion, slave trade was of more benefits to the European nations. Europeans low population at the period called for more man power in the activities which were meant to be drivers of the economic growth. Thus, Africa became their target as a source of man power. However, there came a period when European nations came to Africa for slaves and in turn selling them out to other nations in the world thus strengthening interrelationships between different nations. The ending of slavery did not ogre well to the economic growth since affected nations suffered an economic down turn.

What Is Morality :: essays research papers

Definition essay: What is Morality? I'll tell you that morality is probably one of the biggest, most confusing things to look at when you need to write a paper about it. After some deliberation, I have concluded a few things about morality and what it is. Morality is one of those words that you don't hear very often, and use even less frequently. It is perfectly described by Webster's Dictionary as a set of guidelines that govern a person's actions. Without such a code, anarchy would rule supreme. Human beings are human because we can limit ourselves and our behaviour. Moral values are a byproduct of a society that must live together. Even though in Mother Nature the only restricting factor is that of reproduction and supply of food, because our society groups together, (otherwise it probably wouldn't be a society), it needs codes of conduct. We have established government, religion and moral character to regulate this population. All are fairly organized, with moral character being left entirely to the self, while with government or religion often times another person will tell you what to do. Without self-limitation, the Jones's across the street would be hell to live with. They would be insulting, perverse, lying and cheating neighbors. Morality, the set of rules that limit excessiveness in our behavior, is the foundation of all government, religion. It moderates our beliefs and laws; describes how one should act. Moral rules, if you will, include several basic so called 'golden' rules: thou shalt not kill; thou shalt not steal; thou shalt not commit adultery; etc. When people start losing some or all of these moral rules, society falls apart. It has been proven, for example, by the Roman Empire. Close to the end of Rome's "glorious" rule, they ruled most of the known world. Also, people would have sex with any living thing that had a suitable opening. Human life was taken for granted: people committed suicide for stupid reasons; depression, shame, angst, my brother died. To our fairly Judeo-Christian moral standards today, this is despicable, horrifying.

Free software Essay

The freedom to run the program, for any purpose (freedom 0). The freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it does your computing as you wish (freedom 1). Access to the source code is a precondition for this. The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor (freedom 2). The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others (freedom 3). By doing this you can give the whole community a chance to benefit from your changes. Access to the source code is a precondition for this You are free to (1)study it, (2)redistribute it, and (3) modify it. 2. Why is Linux popular? Why is it popular in academia? Bell Labs offered it to educational institutions at nominal cost. The schools, in turn, used it in their computer science programs, ensuring that computer science students became familiar with it. Because UNIX was such an advanced development system, the students became acclimated to a sophisticated programming environment. As these students graduated and went into industry, they expected to work in a similarly advanced environment. As more of them worked their way up the ladder in the commercial world, the UNIX operating system found its way into industry The source code for the operating system is readily available so that students can understand more easily how GNU/Linux works and can modify the code further to understand its operation and change the way it works. 3. What are multiuser systems? Why are they successful? Sharing the computer’s power among many users and giving them the ability to share data and programs are central features of the system. a multiuser operating system allows many people to use all of the system resources almost simultaneously The use of costly resources can be maximized and the cost per user can be minimized—the primary objectives of a multiuser operating system. 4. What is the Free Software Foundation/GNU? What is Linux? Which parts of the Linux operating system did each provide? Who else has helped build and refine this operating system? The Free Software Foundation (www. fsf. org) is the principal organizational sponsor of the GNU Project. GNU developed many of the tools, including the C compiler, that are part of the GNU/Linux Operating System Linux is the name of an operating system kernel developed by Linus Torvalds and expanded and improved by thousands of people on the Internet. Torvalds’s kernel and GNU’s tools work together as the GNU/Linux Operating System 5. In which language is Linux written? What does the language have to do with the success of Linux? 95% is written in C. Because Linux is portable, it can be adapted (ported) to different machines and can meet special requirements. For example, Linux is used in embedded computers, such as the ones found in cellphones, PDAs, and the cable boxes on top of many 10 Chapter 1 Welcome to Linux and Mac OS X TVs. The file structure takes full advantage of large, fast hard disks. Equally important, Linux was originally designed as a multiuser operating system—it was not modified to serve several users as an afterthought. Sharing the computer’s power among many users and giving them the ability to share data and programs are central features of the system 6. What is a utility program? otften reffered to as â€Å"commands† These utilities perform functions that are universally required by users. The sort utility, for example, puts lists (or groups of lists) in alphabetical or numerical order and can be used to sort lists by part number, last name, city, ZIP code, telephone number, age, size, cost, and so forth. A utility (program), sometimes referred to as a command, is a program that performs a task that is frequently related to the operating system. A utility is simpler than an application program although there is no clear line separating the two 7. What is a shell? How does it work with the kernel? With the user? In a textual environment, the shell—the command interpreter—acts as an interface between you and the operating system. its the link between user and kernal to tell it what to do. or view what the kernal is doing. its the command line interface that accepts input from the user. 8. How can you use utility programs and a shell to create your own applications? Write a shell script, also called a shell program, or a batch file under DOS. A shell script is one or more command lines contained in a file. Make the file executable and give the name of the file as a command: The shell executes the commands in the file, as though you had typed each command individually 9. Why is the Linux filesystem referred to as hierarchical? The Linux filesystem provides a structure whereby files are arranged under directories, which are like folders or boxes. Each directory has a name and can hold other files and directories. Directories, in turn, are arranged under other directories, and so forth, in a treelike organization. This structure helps users keep track of large numbers of files by grouping related files in directories. Each user has one primary directory and as many subdirectories as required 10. What is the difference between a multiprocessor and a multiprocessing system? multi processor is a computer that has more than one processor (processing units) and multiprocessing system is the fact that it can process multiple tasks at the same time Multiprocessing is the use of more than one CPU in a computer system 11. Give an example of when you would want to use a multiprocessing system. Multiprocessing is the use of more than one CPU in a computer system so when you have more than one CPU you can take advantage of it. Multiprocessing sometimes refers to the execution of multiple concurrent software processes in a system as opposed to a single process at any one instant 12. Approximately how many people wrote Linux? Why is this project unique? The Linux kernel was developed by Finnish undergraduate student Linus Torvalds The Linux operating system, which was developed through the cooperation of many, many people around the world, is a product of the Internet and is a free 13. What are the key terms of the GNU General Public License? The GPL says you have the right to copy, modify, and redistribute the code covered by the agreement When you redistribute the code, however, you must also distribute the same license with the code, thereby making the code and the license inseparable.

Essay on The Palace of Knossos - 995 Words

Archaeology gives the modern world a window into the past. One of Greece’s major dig sites is the palace of Knossos. The palace of Knossos stood on the island of Crete near the modern town of Heraklion at the co-ordinates 35 ° 17’ 52.66†N, 25 ° 9’ 47.36†E. It was the home of King Minos and his queen. The Palace is the setting for a myth where the queen gave birth to a being that was half man, half bull, the Minotaurs, which was kept in the labyrinth of the palace; He was eventually slayed by the Athenian Thesus. The Palace of Knossos was destroyed in the later classical era and remained rubble until an archaeologist named Arthur Evans uncovered it in 1900. Since discovering the site Evans has substantially restored the palace back to its†¦show more content†¦The sanitation drainage used a closed system leading to a sewer away from the hill. The Queen’s megaron (toilet) showed the first signs of a flushing water system in the adjoining bathroom. The toilet was flushed by pouring water down the toilet. In the bathroom there was also a bath that was filled by buckets of heated water and was drained by overturning a stone covering over the drain. As the hill was constantly pelted with rain a run-off system was vital. Channels were dug in a zig zag line down the hill to catch the water and take it to the river. Underground channels had manhole so they could be repaired of unclogged. In the palace lived many people slaves, royalty, guests and other people. To cater for the huge amount of people in the palace many rooms were needed. There were 1300 rooms discovered by Arthur Evans and his teams. These rooms were used as many things storerooms, bedrooms, bathrooms, living rooms and most of all a throne room where King Minos sat as well as other kings. The throne room was the most decorated room the whole palace with sculptures, frescos and paintings. It was also the centrepiece of the whole palace because it opened out on to the central court, the heart of the palace. The throne was on the northern wall of the room and on the other three was benches and there was a sort of tub area presumably used for ceremonialShow MoreRelatedThe Palace Of Knossos By King Minos2547 Words   |  11 PagesPart A: The Palace of Knossos is the most complex structure existing from the ancient Minoan Civilization on the island of Crete. It was built in the Minoan political center of Knossos by King Minos around 1900 BC. The palace is an extremely intricate building standing five stories with large, beautiful paintings on its walls known as frescos; it even had indoor plumbing. It is apparent that only the most important people in Minoan society lived in the palace because of its grandeur and beautyRead MoreEssay about The Palace of Knossos1790 Words   |  8 PagesThe Minoan civilization is by far the richest, yet strangest, of the Aegean world (Aegean Art 99). Through an in-depth analysis of the Palace of Knossos it will be evident that it mirrors the Minoan culture and lifestyle. The function, style, techology, medium, and symbolism used throughout the Palace, illustrate the intelligent, spiritual, and mercantile people the Minoans were. Cottrell states Yet from the start of the excavation s the great mound began to reveal its secrets-not material treasureRead MoreCauses Of Minoan Civilization993 Words   |  4 Pagesand who also uncovered the Minoan palace identified images of the Cretan goddess as â€Å"Mountain goddess,† â€Å"Dove goddess,† Goddess of the Caves,† Goddess of the Double Axes,† Goddess of the Sports,† and Mother goddess,†. According to Sir Arthur Evans theory of Knossos and discovery, Knossos was already identified as a location of Bronze-Age, and initial excavations of a local antiquarian named Minos, which Minos Kalokairinos happens to be an early excavator in Knossos Born in 1843 and the youngest sonRead MoreThe Greek Island Of Crete1411 Words   |  6 PagesLocated on the Greek island of Crete is the ancient Palace of Knossos. It is found on the outskirts of the modern day city, Heraklion. The city of Knossos, as shown below, is directly focused in the centre of Crete and is slightly off the north coast. Ev en more so, it is situated south of the Greek mainland. Knossos, in simplistic terms, is an ancient Minoan palace and surrounding city on the island of Crete, where it was sung of by Homer in his Odyssey. The marvelled settlement wasRead MoreThe Minoans Civilization1325 Words   |  5 Pagesat Knossos in the early 1900’s that introduced to the world the fascinating and wonderful sophistication of these early Greeks (Britannica Encyclopedia). The history of the island has been molded by its proximity to the Aegean Sea. Its geographical location gave it control over the sea and the lucrative trade routes. The Minoans traded with Egypt, the Levant, the Aegean, and beyond to Italy, and Sicily. The great Minoan civilization of Crete formed around palaces such as those at Knossos, PhaestusRead MoreThe Legend of the Minotaur1311 Words   |  6 Pagesis the legend of the Minotaur. The legend of the Minotaur and the Labyrinth of Knossos in Crete has enthralled many historians, archaeologists over, anthropologists and so on over years, even centuries. However, one archaeologist was captivated by the entrancing and beauty of the myth of The Minotaur and the Palace in Knossos was Arthur Evans. Before work began in Crete by the British archaeologist Evans at Knossos, knowledge of the Bronze Age Minoan culture was only faintly reflected in a fewRead MoreThe Use and Misuse of Power in Ancient Times623 Words   |  3 Pagesand power. A great way to understand an ancient society is from the ruins of structures and the art left behind. The Palace Complex of Sargon ll, the Giza Funerary Complex and the Palace at Knossos are all great examples of society’s that are run through religion and power. Delving into the relics that were left behind give a look into each society and how it worked. The Palace Complex of Sargon ll was a wonderful example of the concept of absolute power. From the huge gated entrance to the citadelRead MoreCharacteristics Of Understanding The Culture And Society Of Any Civilization2500 Words   |  10 Pagesthe palaces of Knossos and Phaistos of Minoan, Crete and The Colosseum ad the Pantheon of Rome. The architecture of Bronze Age Crete seems to be defined by the archaeological discoveries of Knossos, Phaistos, Maila, Zakros and Palekastro. These four palaces and one town are the only major pieces of Minoan building from which we can draw conclusions about their architecture and what it can tell us about their society. (Talk more about Crete and dates?) According to Greek mythology, the palace ofRead MoreThe Minoan Civilization On The Mediterranean Island Of Crete Essay1141 Words   |  5 Pagescharm that the Minoans use to wear was found, and it was brought to his attention. He started at Knossos, where the possible civilization became a reality. He uncovered multiple palaces, which have all been named since then. They are named: Knossos, Phaistos, Malia, and Zakros. Each one shows signs of religion, trade, and politics. They believed these palaces controlled the Minoan civilization. These Palaces seemed to co-exist on this small island because there are no signs of wall fortifications orRead MoreThe Minoan Civilization : An Aegean Bronze Age Civilization2164 Words   |  9 Pagesexample showcasing the Minoans as being a graceful, sophisticated, fashion forward, luxurious, and intelligent civilization. Their ritual celebrations took place inside the palace, within sacred caves or on mountain peaks. There they would either sacrifi ce an animal or do a bloodless ritual. From analyzing the labyrinth like palaces, one can come to the conclusion that the Minoans were an agricultural gathering society that were drawn to open public spaces. There is little to be known of this civilization